Sore throat is the most common symptom of physical discomfort in life.Some sore throats will disappear when drinking more water, and some sore throats need drugs to alleviate.Some sore throats indicate the appearance of other diseases.How to deal with it?After reading this article, you will understand:
Directory of this article
- What are the causes of sore throat?
- What should I do if my throat is sore?
- What kind of medicine to take sore throat?
- What are the ways to relieve sore throat at home?
- When do you need sore throat?
- How to prevent sore throat?
- references
What are the causes of sore throat?
There are many reasons for sore throat.Some are relatively mild.They can be cured by a little care.Some are more serious.They must be treated by professional medical personnel to recover.
1.Virus infection
Virus Infection is one of the main causes of sore throat.About 90%of sore throats are related to virus infection [1] EssenceThe common virus infection that can cause sore throat is:
COMMON COLD
- Common viruses that cause common colds include: rhinovirus –rhinoviruses, enteric virus –nteroviruses, coronary virus –Coronaviruses, and human partial pulmonary virus -Human Metapneumovirus.It should be noted that there are seven categories of Coronaviruses, and many of them can only cause mild cold symptoms, and others can cause severe symptoms, including affecting lung function, such as COVID-, which has affected more than two years19.It is caused by SARS-COV-2 coronary virus.For COVID-19, we will introduce it separately below[2]Essence
- For ordinary colds caused by these viruses, the symptoms usually start with sore throat and are accompanied by runny nose.After that, they will develop into cough and sneezing.In severe cases, fever may be caused, and the overall process is more ease.People with weak immune systems or people with diseases such as asthma may have severe symptoms of lung infection.
- Under normal circumstances, normal people will heal themselves within 7 to 10 days when they have normal colds, that is, the symptoms will have a process from light to heavy and then healing without drugs.Clinical diagnosis.
Influenza (FLU)/Influenza (Influenza)
- Fluid is usually caused by influenza virus –influenza virus[3]Essence
- The initial symptoms of influenza virus are also mainly sore throat, but unlike ordinary colds, the occurrence of influenza will be very fast.It may occur quickly after sore throat.Materia Median occurs.
- When there was a sore throat, high fever appeared, and the symptoms were severe.You could suspect that it was flu.Go to the hospital for testing.The result can be obtained in 30 minutes through the virus test.Note: Generally, it is necessary to be tested within 3 to 4 days of symptoms.After this time, there is no way to measure it.
Parainfluenza
- This type of virus is mainly Human Parainfluenza Viruses (HPIV), Human Parainfluenza Viruses (HPIV).Similarly, HPIV -3 may cause pneumonia.HPIV -4 will cause mild to severe diseases[4]Essence
- After infection with HPIV virus, the symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection are mainly sore throat, accompanied by cough, sneezing, asthma, and cough.If it is a lower respiratory tract infection, it may cause bronchitis and pneumonia.There will be more severe infection symptoms.
- At present, diagnosis can be diagnosed through polymerase chain reactions, virus antigen tests, virus culture and specific antibody detection.
Respiratory tract syndrostic virus
- RSV is a virus that is infected with the lungs and bronchies.After infection, different people will have different manifestations and have strong spread.Infection will have a 3 to 8 -day infection period.Some people with weak immunity.Even after the infection symptoms stop, it may still have 4 weeks of communication ability.These viruses may spread through air or stay on some solid surfaces, and spread through the human body.The weak immune system is the high-risk crowd of RSV.For ordinary people, after infection with RSV, it usually heals in 1 to 2 weeks, but for the weak immune system, other severe complications may occur.When this symptoms occur, you need to seek medical treatment or even hospitalized treatment for treatment.[5][6]Essence
- For RSV infection, it usually causes the same symptoms as ordinary colds, such as sore throat, dry cough, low fever, etc., which will cause high fever, severe cough, breathing and difficulty in breathing.Children in low age will have drowsiness and irritability.Performance.
- When the medical institution diagnosis is RSV, the doctor will preliminary judgment through the recent medical history and duration, listening to the lung sound, etc., and will also pass the blood test, the chest X-ray, sample the oral or nasal secretions for virus test or pulse blood bloodOxygen testing is further diagnosed.
Adenovirus
- Aginovirus is a common virus, which will not only cause respiratory diseases such as cold, bronchitis, and pneumonia, but also may cause other symptoms such as gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis, and urinary tract infection.A longer infection period or more severe infection symptoms will occur with weak immune systems.Gonnomal virus can be transmitted through air, and can also be transmitted through contact, which is more likely to spread in aggregate places such as kindergarten.At present, there is no targeted treatment method for adenovirus.Some mild infections will heal itself.When severe complications occur, targeted treatment is needed[7][8]Essence
- For respiratory tract infection with adenovirus, in addition to sore throat, cough, runny nose, and gland swelling may also occur.When infection is severe, fever, difficulty breathing, and breathing can occur.
- When diagnosis is required, you can confirm the diagnosis through the method of antigen testing, polymerase chain reaction testing.
Infectious single-core white blood cells (MONO)
- Mono is caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).It is a type of herpes virus.Anyone may be infected, but it mainly appears in the youth group.The propagation method is saliva transmission.The symptoms of infection are usually very weak, but there may also be some severe symptoms.Epstein-Barr virus is unlikely to be infected again after once[9]Essence
- After the Epstein-Barr virus is infected, there is usually no obvious discomfort symptoms.Sometimes, such as sore throats.In severe cases, high fever, lymphadenopathy in the neck and armpits may occur, muscle weakness, and rash.
- When severe symptoms need to be diagnosed, doctors will finalize the diagnosis by observing the glands of the neck, armpit, and groin, through blood tests, leukocyte counting, single-point testing, or heterosexual testing.
In addition to the above viruses, there are many viruses that may cause sore throat.For example, the highly contagious measles, chickenpox, and mumps (mumps) will cause sore throat.Similarly, while causing sore throat, it can also cause other symptoms, such as measles can cause rash and fever[10],,Chickenpox can cause fever, itching, uneven rash[11], Mumps can cause salivary gland swelling in the neck[12]EssenceDue to the widespread popularity of vaccines, measles, chickenpox, and mumps are rare.
Sore sore throat caused by virus may cause tonsillitis.Due to the invasion and stimulation of the virus, it can cause pain to the throat.When the virus is infected with an immune organs in the throat, it will cause tonsillitis[13]Not only does the sore throat, but also a variety of other discomfort symptoms.
2.COVID-19 coronary virus
COVID-19 is caused by a virus called SARS-COV-2.As one of the seven coronary viruses, the COVID-19 also uses the respiratory tract as the main way to spread, and has stronger transmission than ordinary coronary virus virus.Sex, since 2019, this virus and various variant viruses have caused more than 60 million people in the United States to be infected and more than 800,000 people have died.In addition to COVID-19, this coronary virus can also lead to the Middle East respiratory syndrome-Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and sudden acute respiratory syndrome-Sudden Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), etc.[14]Essence
The symptoms of COVID-19 have different symptoms.Some people may have no response, but most people will show the initial symptoms similar to ordinary colds, typical sore throat, and runny nose.Cough, dyspnea, fever, feeling fatigue, sense of smell, and taste have different degrees of influence or even disappear.For those who have a weak immune system or have other chronic diseases, the new crown virus is likely to worsen these problems, resulting in serious health problems in the body[14]Essence
Before the beginning of the big popularity, people often confuse it with the flu, but with the determination of the virus and the application of the test method, people will use the test after the symptoms of sore throat to determine whether they are COVID-19 infections.The current common COVID currently COVID-19 detection methods include fast antigen test (Rapid Antigen test) at home, Naat detection that needs to be performed in the laboratory (the PCR test is one of NAAT), and another antibody detection can help the detection machine whether there is COVID in the body.-19’s antibody test to determine whether the vaccine that has been infected with or vaccinated is activated.
At present, FDA urgently approves a batch of COVID-19 home test boxes, including Antigen Test and Naat Test, you can read articles “How to perform COVID-19 home test: FDA authorized detection box” Learn different test methods and the home testing box that is urgently authorized by FDA.
3.Bacterial infection
Bacterial infection is one of another common disease that causes sore throat.The most common bacteria are: group A Streptococcus, or Streptococcus Pyognes.
This bacteria can cause spang threp throatitis (Strep Throat)[15]It is more common in young children aged 3 to 15, but adults will also be infected.40%of the cases of sore throat of children are related to chain bacteria pharyngitis[16]Essence
Diagnosis of Strep Throat, you need to go to the hospital for a special Strep Throat Test.Once diagnosed, antibiotics need to be used for treatment.When bacterial infection of tonsils, tonsillitis is caused, and tonsillitis caused by bacterial infection is more common than tonsillitis caused by virus infection[13]When tonsillitis occurs, it will cause a variety of other reactions, such as fever, weakness, and so on.
The symptoms of common bacterial infection are:
- Sore throat
- Hoarseness
- Runny nose
- The tonsils are swollen and white spots
- Headache
- High fever
- Cooler
- Cervical lymphadenopathy
- hard to swallow
- Loss of appetite
4.pollen allergy
After contacting these allergic substances such as pollen, mold, pet dandruff and other allergic people, various allergic symptoms will occur, and sore throat may occur[17]Essence
Common hay fever Symptoms are:
- Sore throat
- Runny nose or nasal congestion
- Big nozzle
- cough
- Nose, mouth, or throat itchy
- Swelling under the eyes
- fatigue
Although the allergies of pollen are similar to a cold, the pollen allergy usually does not have a fever, and it will occur immediately after exposing the allergens, and it will quickly relieve it after staying away from the allergens.As a result, when symptoms occur, you can go to the medical institution for a allergic source test to further diagnose whether it is sore due to allergies.
Reading in-depth:What to do if pollen is allergic?The pollen disease is not easy to mess with, how can I cure it?
5.Stomach esophageal return flow
Eating spicy, irritating foods, or gastroeSophageal Reflux Disease / Gerd occurs, because the irritating material in the food stimulates the muscle tissue of the throat, which can cause pain.In addition to the gastroesophageal backflow, the most common symptoms are the most common symptoms.Stomach heartburn Essence
The gastroesophageal reflux disease is a symptom of gastric acid flowing to the esophagus.The stomach will feel burning.At the same time, when the gastric acid reflux to the throat, due to strong acid stimulation, it will cause sore throat.[18]Essence
In addition to sore throat, GerD may cause:
- nausea
- Chest pain
- Difficult to swallow or even pain
- Hoarseness
- Bad breath
- Stomachache
Of course, removing the cause of sore throat above, the following factors will also cause sore throat:
- A dry throat: The human throat part is humid under normal state to ensure the normal operation of sound and swallowing functions.However, when the external environment is too dry, the environment of the throat will also become dry when the air entering the throat, excessive friction between muscle tissueIt will cause pain.Another situation is to use the mouth to breathe for a long time, which will cause the throat to dry the throat when the air is too fast, and then feel pain.At the same time, it may be hoarse.
- Air pollution: Some external pollutants such as second-hand smoke, air with high pollutants concentration, air containing volatile chemicals, etc.After entering the throat, it will stimulate the muscles and various tissues there, which will cause pain.Wait for reaction.
- Muscle damage: When you shout too much, speak for a long time, improper rest, or scratches by foreign bodies such as fish bones, it will cause muscle injury of the throat, cause pain, sound hoarse, and may have difficulty swallowing.
- Tumor: When tumors appear tumors or nearby tissues, it may cause pain in the throat.
What should I do if my throat is sore?
When you feel sore throat, you should first increase drinking water and rest.If the symptoms are relieved, usually a few days later, the sore throat will heal itself.If the symptoms are not relieved or even worsened, they must go to the hospital for examination.Go for treatment.
Drink more water
It can be seen from the cause of sore throat.Most of the sore throat is caused by stimulation of the muscles of the throat.If it is dry, increasing drinking water can effectively help the throat return to normal moisturizing level.
At the same time, drinking water can reduce the concentration of stimulating substances in the throat.Whether it is pollutants, or bacteria or viruses polluting the air, they can reduce the concentration of stimulus by drinking water and reduce the stimulation of these substances to the throat, thereby alleviatingSymatic symptoms of sore throat.
In addition to drinking water, you can also drink light saline or honey water (especially anti-inflammatory and antiviral functions Mubeka honey), Let’s help remove more stimuli or make better humidity and recovery of wounds[19]Essence
Rest more
Regardless of the sore throat, rest can help the body’s immune system with good recovery, so as to help the throat recover from damage or infection as soon as possible.
Home care
When the symptoms are not serious, you can relieve various discomfort symptoms through simple home care:
- For example, when the throat is painful or damaged, you can eat some throat sugar to relieve it.
- If you have a slight cough, you can take some cough syrup to relieve and help get better sleep quality.
- If you have a fever and pain, but when it is not serious, you can take some over-the -counter pain antipyretics such as acetaminol, ibuprofen or aspirin.
However, if the physical condition has not improved or even continued to deteriorate after the above home care, such as high fever, more severe cough, or other symptoms such as lymph swelling, you need to seek medical treatment in a timely manner to obtain more appropriate treatment.
Check the diagnosis
After drinking plenty of water and rest, sore throat has not been effectively recovered, and even more severe symptoms occur, you must go to the hospital for accurate testing as soon as possible.Doctors will comprehensively test and test all the symptoms of patients to determine the diseases to determine the diseases.reason.
treat
After the examination and diagnosis of a professional medical institution, you can treat it under the guidance of a doctor.Generally, virus infections can heal themselves within 2 to 7 days without using drugs.[20]Patients can use some painkillers to help relieve discomfort.
For bacterial infections, it is necessary to use antibiotics to treat.All treatments should be carried out under the guidance of a doctor, and should not be used blindly.
What kind of medicine to take sore throat?
For sore throat without other physical discomfort, you can moisturize your throat through some throat sugar or cough syrup, reduce sore throat caused by dryness and muscle damage.
- Sore throat caused by relieving dryness and muscle injury: throat sugar
- Relieve sore throat with cough symptoms: cough syrup
- Fever caused by infection, pain, pain, etc.: non-prescription Painkillers
Larvae
Affiliate Link
Fruit-flavored lollipop, obtained organic certification from the US Department of Agriculture, contains honey, can effectively alleviate throat discomfort, suitable for children over 3 years old
Affiliate Link
The moisturizing throat sugar containing benzakin and mint can effectively relieve sore throat caused by stimulation and dryness, increase saliva secretion, etc.It can be taken every 2 hours according to the doctor’s order.
cough syrup
Affiliate Link
Contains honey ingredients, effectively relieve cough caused by throat discomfort, will not affect sleep, can relieve cough during the day, taking before bed can improve sleep quality, suitable for people over 2 years old.
Affiliate Link
Creating gly gly gly glycerin, effectively remove sputum caused by various foreign body inflammation, relieve cough and throat pain, help smooth breathing, and continues to take 12 hours.
Non-prescription painkille
If there are symptoms such as a cold, headache, etc., but not too serious, you can take some over-the -counter painkillers such as acetaminol, ibuprofen or aspirinStrictly control dosage and drug varieties.
The principle of taking is[twenty one]The
- Infants below 6 months: Take only acetaminol.
- Six months or more infants and children: You can take acetaminol or ibuprofen.
- Children under the age of 4: Unless the doctor explicitly gives guidance for taking, it should avoid taking any non-prescription cough or cold medicine, because for young children, using non-prescription cough or cold medicine may lead to serious and life-threatening side effects.Essence
- Children aged 4 or more: Under the guidance of a doctor, you can safely take over-the -counter cough or cold medicine.
- Children and adolescents should avoid taking aspirin, because children of children at this age are prone to Lei family syndrome after taking aspirin.This is a rare but very serious disease that causes serious damage to the liver and brain.[twenty two]Essence
- For adults, you can take over-the -counter drugs to relieve pain and discomfort according to the instructions.
Reading in-depth:US painkillers ｜ Principles of painkillers and side effects
Acetaminophen
Affiliate Link
Adults used antipyretic pain and relieving cold medicine, which contains a variety of ingredients such as acetaminol, gly glycemic ether, hydrochloride adrenaline, etc., which can effectively alleviate many adult cold symptoms, such as fever, cough, and sore throat.
Affiliate Link
Children’s antipyretic painkillers, grape flavors, welcomed by children, are conducive to taking, providing medicine cups and syringe-type pharmaceuticals, which can be provided for children aged 2 to 11.
Ibuprofen
Affiliate Link
Each piece contains 200 mg of ibuprofen, which can effectively and quickly relieve various pains and apply to people over 12 years old.
Affiliate Link
Each 5ml of medicaments contain 100 mg of ibuprofen, which can accurately provide the dosage according to different ages to help take painkillers from 2 to 11 years old to relieve various discomfort.
aspirin
Affiliate Link
Each piece contains 325 mg of aspirin, which effectively relieves a variety of pains.Please consult your doctor before taking it.
Affiliate Link
It does not contain Abbas sweet, low-content salt, which is safe for most people.The form of soaked tablets is convenient to avoid the difficulty of swallowing large particles.
What are the ways to relieve sore throat at home?
Some less serious throats can be relieved by common methods at home.
1.Use humidifier
Using the humidifier to increase the humidity in the indoor air can effectively alleviate the dryness of the throat, use the humidifier with the function of the air purifier, and remove some allergens, such as dust mites, mold and pet dandruff, etc.It can help relieve sore throat from the external environment.
Affiliate Link
The humidifier with antibacterial filter can provide comfortable and clean air in the room in 500 square feet.
Deepen reading The Recommended and purchasing guide
Drink more water
Drinking plenty of water can effectively relieve sore throat.While moisturizing the throat, it can also help reduce the concentration of pollutants or bacterial viruses at the throat.For muscle injury, swelling caused by muscle injury, burning sensation caused by gastric acid reflux, etc.You can drink some ice drinks.Reduce the temperature at the throat and increase the comfort.For the dryness of the autumn and winter seasons, the mental weakness caused by infection, etc., you can drink some hot drinks to dilute the concentration of the infectious substances while relaxing the spirit and improve the quality of rest.
Drink ice
Sore throats usually have a certain muscle congestion, and there will be a burning sensation.For sore throat caused by food reflux, there will be a clear sense of burning.Drink some cold drinks or mouths with some small ice cubes.It can effectively relieve the burning sensation and bring a cool and comfortable feeling.
Drink hot drink
In autumn and winter or dry environment, you can drink some honey water[twenty three]Or oceanide tea[twenty four]Honey water has an excellent throat effect, and it also has certain antibacteriality.Cammomy is a herbaceous plant with a sedative effect, which can effectively relieve pain and help get a better rest.
Recommended from chamomile tea:
Affiliate Link
From the tea brand founded in 1945, each tea bag is packaged independently in aluminum foil bags.It can get the best flavor, drink chamomile tea, and relieve the discomfort of the throat through warm drinks.
Affiliate Link
The chamomile tea bag obtained by the Ministry of Agriculture in the United States, and the tea bag does not contain any extra substances to bring the best-flavored glory tea to help relieve a variety of discomfort and relax.
Rinse
Using water or light saline mouthwash can help the mouth and throat well maintain clean, reduce the breeding of bacteria, reduce the degree of infection, and relieve the pain.
sleep more
Good rest can help improve your immune system ability, to fight various causes of sore throat from the inside, and relieve pain.
African prescription
As described above, pain can be taken according to different ages.Reading in-depth:US non-prescription medicine list ｜ Class 22 OTC drug
When do you need sore throat?
If you have symptoms after sore throat, you need to seek medical treatment as soon as possible[twenty one]The
- Difficulty breathing
- It is difficult to swallow, and children are drooling different from daily
- High fever
- Skin rash
- Joint swelling and pain
- Salm or sputum with blood
- Obvious lumps or necks appear at the neck and become stiff.
How to prevent sore throat?
Maintaining good living habits can effectively prevent sore throat[25]The
- Each time you wash your hands, rinse more than 20 seconds under the flowing water for more than 20 seconds
- Carry with disinfection alcohol and other supplies, keep personal hygiene when there is no water
- Keep a distance from those who have sore throat or diagnosis of upper respiratory tract infections
- Use paper towels when coughing or sneezing, throw it into the trash can in time after using it.
- Avoid contact with public telephone, public drinking water, etc.
- Maintain the clean and suitable humidity of the indoor air
- Reduce or do not smoke
references
[1] Graham Worrall, MB BS MSC FCFP.Acute sore throat.Can fam physician.Jul 2011
[2] Coronaviruses (Common Cold Viruses).
[3] Influenza (FLU).
[4] Parainfluenza. Disbread control division.
[5] Respiratory Synchtial Virus (RSV).
[6] Respiratory Synchtial Virus (RSV).Mayoclinic
[7] Adovirus.
[8] Stephanie Watson, MedicalLly Reviewd by Amita Shroff, MD.What are adenovirus information? Webmd, December 2020
[9] Written by Jacquelyn CAFASSO, Medically Review by Elaine K.Luo, M.D.Everything you need to know about mono.Healthline, SEPTEMBER 30, 2019
[10] Written by Valencia Higura, Medically Review by Karen Gill, M.D.Everything you need to know about the measles.Healthline, August 21, 2019
[11] Written by Marissa Selner, Medically Reviewed by Stacy Sampson, D.O.Chickenpox.Healthline, SEPTEMBER 29, 2018
[12] Written by Erica Roth, Medically Reviewed by Debra Rose Wilson, PH.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT.Mumps: Prevention, Symptoms, and Treatment.Healthline, SEPTEMBER 28, 2018
[13] Written by Ann Pietrangelo, Medically Review by Alana Biggers, M.D., MPH.Everything you need to know about tonsillitis.Healthline, December 10, 2021
[14] Medically Reviewed by Brunilda Nazario, MD.Coronavirus and Covid-19: What you should know.Webmd, December 2021
[15] Written by Valencia Higuera, Medically Review By Nicole Leight Aaronson, MD, MBA, CPE, FACS, FAAP.Everything you need to know about strep throat.Healthline, january 6, 2022
[16] Nader Shaikh, MD, MPH; Erica Leonard, MD; Judith M.Martin, MD.Prevalence of Streptococcal Pharyngitis and Streptococcal Carriage in Children: A Meta-Analysis. PEDIATRICS, SEPTEMBER 01 2010
[17] Hay Fever. Mayoclinic
[18] Written by Jessica Digiacinto, Medically Review by Youssef (Joe) Soliman, MD.Everything you need to know about acid reflux and get.Healthline, October 20, 2021
[19] Andrew B JULL, Natalie Walker, Sohan Deshpande.Honey as a Topical Treatment for Wounds.COCHRANE Database Syst Rev, NIH, Feb 2013
[20] Matthew Thompson, Helen D Cohen endowed professor of family medicine, Talley A Vodicka, consultant, Peter S Blair, senior research fellow, David I Buckley, assistant professor, Carl Heneghan, professor, and Alastair D Hay, professor of primary careAnd nihr reSearch Professor, on behalf of the target programme team.Duration of Symptoms of Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: Systematic Review. Copyright and License Information, DEC 2013
[twenty one] Sore throat.Treatment for Common Illnesses.
[22] Written by Cindie Slightham, Medically Review by Karen Gill, M.D.Reye ’s syndrome. Healthline, November 17, 2016
[23] Andrew B Jull, Natalie Walker, Sohan Deshpande.Honey as a topical time for wounds. Pubmed, Feb 2013
[24] Janmejai K Srivastava, ESWAR SHANKAR, and Sanjay Gupta.Chamomile: a herbal medicine of the passt with brighing future. NCBI, Feb 2011
[25] Sore throat.Mayoclinic