painkiller, English is Analgesics It is one of the families.Daily, if you have toothache, stomach pain, headache, or dysmenorrhea, painkillers can effectively alleviate instant pain symptoms.But can I take painkillers casually?Can everyone take painkillers without any need?
Directory of this article
- What is analgesic?
- What pain is often used in painkillers?
- What are the types of American analgesics?
- What is the principle of painkillers in painkillers?
- What are the side effects of painkillers?
- When does it usually work after taking painkillers?
- Anti-painkillers for pregnant women?
- Anti-painkillers for children?
- references
- common problem
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What is analgesic?
Anti-pain medicine, English is Analgesics, which refers to drugs that can alleviate human pain in the case of sober and normal perception.
There are many kinds of pain, which can relieve mild pain, moderate pain, or severe pain through different types of painkillers[1]Essence
World Health Organization ( World health organization) The graded analgesic guidance given[1]The
- Non-opioid analgesics: For example, acetaminophen (Acetaminophen) and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatic Drugs (NSAIDS) to relieve mild to moderate pain;
- Weak opioids: such as Codeine, Dihydrocodeine, or Tramadol, for moderate to severe pain;
- Strong opioids: for example, OxyCodone, Morphine, for treating severe pain;
What pain is often used in painkillers?
- Non-opioid analgesic: It is suitable for less severe pain in the short term, such as headache, Toothache, Soreness caused by muscle strain or improper use, pain caused by injuries, short-term pain caused by arthritis, menstrual pain, etc.[1]Essence
- Weak opioid analgesic drugs: suitable for pain that continues to be serious and affects daily life, such as chronic pain that has been over 3 months in a row, or less serious cancer pain[9]Essence
- Strong Abnormal Pain Anti -Anti-drug: Suitable for severe pain, such as postoperative pain, or long-term severe pain such as severe pain in cancer, etc.[3]Essence
What are the types of American analgesics?
The current use of painkillers in the United States is roughly divided into two categories:
- Non-oped painkillers
- Opioids
Most of the non-opioid analgesic drugs are non-prescription drugs, which can be purchased in pharmacies.Some combination painkillers and all opioid analgesic drugs are prescription drugs.[2]Essence
1.Non-opioid painkillers
Non-opioidal analgesic drugs usually refer to anti-inflammatory analgesic drugs, mainly painkillers containing chemicals such as salicylic acid, pyrazole, non -Nicotadin, or acetylzide.Inflammation can play a role in reducing pain.
Among them, it is well-known: acetaminophen, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and aspirin containing acetyl salicylic acid, and analgesic antitriely containing pyrarine derivatives are gradually no longer used.Because they will cause an acute infection called granulocyte deficiency[3]Essence
Deepen reading The American anti-inflammatory drugs [Favorites] Tylenol vs Motrin
The following are three common non-opioid analgesic drugs:
A.Acetaminophen
Acetaminol, also known as Paracetamol, is a common analgesic medicine, usually used for mild pain and fever.
The common drugs containing acetamine are Tylenol, and some cold medicines also contain the Acetaminophen ingredients, such as Dayquil, theraflu, Pamprin and so on.
Therefore, if you take different drugs, you must check the ingredients, because different drugs may contain Acetaminophen ingredients.Taking too much will pose a threat to life.
This drug can achieve the effect of reducing the pain by inhibiting the prostaglandin synthesis in the central nervous system and improving the pain threshold of the body, but lacks sufficient anti-inflammatory effects on the peripheral nervous system.At the same time, it can play a role in the center of the brain temperature regulation to cool down and fever.
Acetamin is the most common antipyretic pain and relieving medicine, and an over-prescription drug.Patients can buy themselves in the pharmacy.However, it is necessary to take adverse reactions such as excessive causes caused by excessive amounts of liver injury.[10]Essence
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GoodSense Extra painkillers each contain 500 mg of activity analgesic analgesics for acetaminol, which can effectively alleviate various mild pain of children and adults over 12 years old, such as back pain, headache, joint pain, and muscle soreness.Essence
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Rite AID ultra-powerful painkillers, each capsule contains 500 mg of active ingredients for acetaminophenol.The form of capsule is easy to swallow.It is prepared for aspirin allergies and sensitive people.Temporary fever.
B.Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDS)
The full name of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatic Drugs, which can be grouped according to their preferences on COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.
Cox enzyme, the full name is CyClo-Oxygenas, and Chinese is an epoxy enzyme.The role of this substance is to produce prostinine to activate the protection mechanism of the body.in,
- COX-1 enzymes mainly produce prostaglandins with baseline levels to activate platelets to protect the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract
- COX-2 enzymes are responsible for release more prostaglandins after infection or injury to protect the body.
For NSAIDS drugs acting on COX-1 enzymes, it has less stimulation of gastrointestinal stomach, high-dose or targeted NSAIDS drugs, but it can act on COX-2 enzymes, but it is easy to cause side effects of cardiovascular.
Most non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can inhibit these two enzymes to a certain extent, reducing the amount of prostaglandins that cause pain that cause pain in the body, and then play an analgesic effect[11]Essence
The most common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are ibuprofen and Naproxen.
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A+Health analgesic, each containing 200 mg ibuprofen active ingredients, can effectively alleviate minor pain caused by headache, toothache, back pain, menstrual pain, cold, muscle soreness, and minor pain in arthritis.Soft capsules are easy to swallow.
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Aleve analgesic capsule, each containing 220 mg puppet sodium effective ingredients, the sustained-release formula can make the effect of up to 12 hours, effectively alleviate various mild pain, such as headache, back pain, menstrual pain, and toothache.It is an orthopedic doctor.Recommended first brand to relieve arthritis pain.
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Rite AID analgesic capsule, each capsule contains 220 mg of sodium sodium, a capsule can provide up to 8 to 12 hours of pain relief, and it can provide temporary fever effects.It is suitable for children and adults over 12 years old.At the same timeIncluding gluten.
C.Aspirin (Aspirin)
Aspirin, also known as Salicylate, is another kind of common home painkillers in the United States.By reducing the inflammatory substances that cause pain and fever in the body to relieve mild pain, discomfort, and fever.
At the same time, because aspirin has a certain inhibitory platelet aggregation function, under the guidance of a doctor, Aspirin can also act on cardiovascular disease.However, aspirin can easily cause Lei’s syndrome, so you cannot provide children with such drugs for pain relief and fever.[12] Essence
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Healtha2z aspirin analgesic medicine, each with 325 grams of aspirin, can be used to reduce fever, and alleviate various uncomfortable symptoms caused by muscle soreness, toothache, and normal colds.Phenomenon.
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ST.Joseph Aspirin Anti -Pharmaceutical, has more than 100 years of pharmaceutical history.It is the only brand dedicated to the amount of low-dose aspirin in adults.The size of the microfilers and easy to swallow can effectively act on various cold discomfort and pain, as well as the keyPain is mild to moderate pain.
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Bayer aspirin painkillers are the number one aspirin brand, which helps to alleviate various mild to moderate pain such as headache, menstrual pain, joint pain, and toothache, and can temporarily reduce fever.The pill does not contain sodium and caffeine, and the surface of each pill is coated, which is easy to take.
2.Odine relieving medicine
Oed drugs refer to a class of drugs that shared chemical structures, sites, and mechanisms that are shared with the body produced by the human body, including all natural and synthetic compounds that are closely related to the human body.
These drugs play a role in combining with opioid receptors in the human body to reduce the perception of the human brain’s perception of pain to achieve analgesic effect.
Sometimes, opioid analgesic drugs can reduce the pain while reducing the pain, and even make people feel happy.Therefore, the abuse of opioid analgesic drugs often occur in the United States.
Therefore, opioids are prescription drugs, and prescriptions will be prescribed only when the doctor diagnose the diagnosis.The following is some common opioid analgesic ingredients[3] [13]Essence
A.Codeine
It is a kind of analgesic analgesic ingredients that can be used to treat mild to moderate pain, and sometimes also called anesthesia.It is not suitable for children under 18 years of age, nor is it applicable to people with severe asthma and gastrointestinal obstruction.
It is necessary to cause addiction, so the doctor should use it strictly according to the dose.
B.Fentanyl
Fentany is a strong prescription analgesic drug that is used to treat breakthrough cancer pain that can not be controlled by long-acting painkillers, and when other non-opioid analgesic medicines cannot be played, they will use Fentney, FentnaNi is not suitable for mild pain, postoperative pain, and non-all -weather pain.
C.Hydrocodone (Hydrocodone)
Hydrogen ketone is a kind of slow-release opioid analgesic drug, which is used to treat continuous pain that lasts for more than a few days.It should strictly abide by the doctor’s advice issued by the doctor.Use in dose.
D.MEPERIDINE
Pyrimidine is an opioid analgesic drug, used to treat moderate or severe pain, and there is addiction.It is necessary to take it strictly under the guidance of a doctor and inform the doctors’ other potions and other potions and other potions and other potions and other potions and recently taken.Whether he has alcoholism, gastrointestinal obstruction or kidney problems.
E.Methadone
Melidone is an opioid analgesic, used to treat severe pain, and the pain in the process of relying on other drugs, which can reduce the abstinence symptoms of drug abuse.
F.Oxycodone (oxycodone)
Hydrogen ketone is an opioid analgesic, used to treat moderate or severe pain.It should not be used as a daily analgesic agent during pain.It is necessary to take it under the guidance of a doctor.
What is the principle of painkillers in painkillers?
1.Non -A-class painkillers
These drugs have an analgesic effect by reducing the inflammation of pain in the body, reducing the prostaglandin or the reduction of the pain threshold of the body.
- The acetaminophen is composed of prostaglandin synthesis in the central nervous system while improving the pain threshold of the body to reduce the pain, but it lacks sufficient anti-inflammatory effects on the peripheral nervous system.
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can have analgesic effect by inhibiting COX enzymes.COX enzymes can cause prostaglandins that cause pain.After inhibiting COX enzymes reduce the prostaglandin content in the body, the pain can be reduced.
- Aspirin mainly suppresses the production of prostaglandins through its salicylic acid, and at the same time eliminates inflammation, so as to reduce the short pain caused by inflammation in the human body.
2.Odine relieving medicine
Odine analgesic drugs are a pain signal issued by the human nervous system by combining with a substance called opioid receptor in the human body.
Abstracts are part of the body control pain, pleasure and addiction in the human body.Controlling opioid receptors can reduce the pain signal transmission of pain signals in the human brain nervous system, thereby reducing the pain of the human body.Any condition is treated, but a reduction in the perception of the human body alone from the nervous system, so it is often used to alleviate the continuous and severe pain of cancer patients.
At the same time, some opioid analgesic drugs can make people feel happy while reducing the pain, so it is easy to be addicted.Oed drugs are abused in the United States.It can only be used at the doctor’s advice[4]Essence
What are the side effects of painkillers?
Non -A-class painkillers are usually safe, but if too much or excessive use, it may cause the following side effects[2]The
- Diarrhea or constipation;
- Tinnitus may cause deafness in severe cases;
- Difficulty in blood coagulation leads to too much bleeding;
- Stomach discomfort such as nausea and burning may even cause gastric ulcers
- Severe allergic reaction;
- Liver or kidney is damaged;
- The heart has adverse reactions.
Take an analgesic medicine, often to varying degrees of side effects[1]The
- What often happens is to cause sleepiness and dizziness;
- Long-term use will cause the body to produce tolerance, reduce or lose analgesic effect;
- Oddame analgesic drugs are likely to cause the human body to depend on it and drug abuse, so it is necessary to strictly follow the guidance of doctors.
When does it usually work after taking painkillers?
Taking non -Ab-category painkillers usually take effect in 30 ~ 60 minutes, so once the pain begins to appear, it can be taken.Because such painkillers may cause stomach discomfort, it is recommended to take it with other foods.
Oral analgesia for oral oral analgesia is usually within 5 ~ 10 minutes[3]Essence
Anti-painkillers for pregnant women?
During pregnancy, pregnant women cannot avoid some pain, and taking safe analgesic drugs is necessary for pregnant women.
Acetamin is recognized as a safer painkillers for pregnant women.A study found that two-thirds of pregnant women in the United States will take pain relief by taking acetylphenol during pregnancy.[5]Essence
However, even the safety relief drugs for pregnant women still need to take an appropriate amount of potions under the guidance of a doctor, and if they are allergic to acetaminophen drugs, they should consult the doctor to use other painkillers.
Aspirin is another relatively safe analgesic medicine for pregnant women.In addition to the effect of analgesic, some studies believe that aspirin can to a certain extent to provide safe and effective complications for pregnant women who have premature risk of premature eclampsia.For example, fatal thrombosis, etc., whether it is an average pain or in order to reduce the risk of pregnancy, pregnant women need to take aspirin under the guidance of a doctor[6]Essence
Anti-painkillers for children?
When relieving children’s pain, doctors usually recommend using non-prescription drugs for acetaminol, and may also prescribe some more mild non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen[7]Essence
Children should not take aspirin, because it is likely to cause Reye’s Syndrome.This is a disease that is inflamed in the brain and liver.Internal performance, there is no specific treatment method, some people will recover by themselves, some will leave long-term sequelae, about one-fifth of patients will die[8]Essence
references
[1] Analgesics.DRUG.COM
[2] Analgesics Cleveland Clinic
[3] FLOYD E.Bloom.Analgesic.Health & Medicine.
[4] Lynn Marks, Robert Jasmer, MD.What is an analgesic? Everydayhealth.November, 2015.
[5] What Pain RELIEVERS Are Safe During Pregnancy? Grow by webmd
[6] Naveed Saleh, MD, MS, Anita Sadaty, MD.How Pregnant Women Can Safly Use Pain Relies. Prenatal care, jun, 2021
[7] Renee a.Alli, md.Treating Pain in Children. Pain Management, Guide, Jun, 2021
[8] Kristen Stewart, Farrokh sohrabi, md.7 Surprising Health Complications from Cold and Flu. Everydayhealth.December, 2014.
[9] C.Fookes, BPHARM.Narcotic analgesics.DRUG CLASSSES, Feb, 2018
[10] ACETAMINOPHEN.Editors of EncyClopaedia Britannica.
[11] C.Fookes, BPHARM.Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatic drugs. Drug Classes, March, 2018.
[12] sanjai sinha, md.Aspirin.Drugs a to z, Aug, 2021
[13] Opioids. Health library.
common problem
Question 1: What is an analgesic medicine in English?Anti-analgesic, English is Analgesics, and is one of the families.Daily, if you have toothache, stomach pain, headache, or dysmenorrhea, painkillers can effectively alleviate instant pain symptoms.
See More
The current use of painkillers in the United States is roughly divided into two categories: non-opioid analgesic drugs; opioids.
Most of the non-opioid analgesic drugs are non-prescription drugs.They can be purchased in pharmacies.Some combination painkillers and all opioid analgesic drugs are prescription drugs.The prescriptions prescribed by doctors must be purchased.
See More
Non -A-class painkillers are usually safe, but if too much or excessive use, it may cause the following side effects[2]The
1) diarrhea or constipation;
2) Tinnitus may lead to deafness in severe cases;
3) Difficulty of blood coagulation leads to excessive bleeding;
4) Stomach discomfort such as nausea and burning, and may even cause gastric ulcers
5) Severe allergic reactions;
6) Liver or kidney is damaged;
7) Adverse reactions in the heart;
See More